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Society finch alleles4/22/2024 Our analyses of the zebra finch MHC suggest a complex history involving chromosomal fission, gene The apparent lack of synteny between TAP and the expressed MHC Class I locus is in fact reminiscent of a pattern seen in some mammalian lineages and may represent convergent evolution. Conclusion The zebra finch MHC differs markedly from that of the chicken, the only other bird species with a complete genome sequence. Lastly, we find strong evidence of selection acting on sites within passerine MHC Class I and Class II genes. MHC Class II regions are further characterized by high endogenous retroviral content. ![]() Cytogenetic (FISH) evidence and the genome assembly itself place core MHC genes on as many as four chromosomes with TAP and Class I genes mapping to different chromosomes. The zebra finch MHC includes multiple Class I and Class II genes, some of which appear to be pseudogenes, and spans a much more extensive genomic region than the chicken MHC, as evidenced by the presence of MHC genes on each of seven BACs spanning 739 kb. Results The zebra finch MHC exhibits a complex structure and history involving gene duplication and fragmentation. The sequencing of the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata genome, in combination with targeted bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequencing, has allowed us to characterize an MHC from a highly divergent and diverse avian lineage, the passerines. It remains unclear the extent to which this organization describes the situation in other birds and whether it represents a derived or ancestral condition. Avian MHC organization is of particular interest because the chicken Gallus gallus, the avian species with the best characterized MHC, possesses a highly streamlined minimal essential MHC, which is linked to resistance against specific pathogens. Gene duplication and fragmentation in the zebra finch major histocompatibility complexīackground Due to its high polymorphism and importance for disease resistance, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been an important focus of many vertebrate genome projects.
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